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Título

EYE COSMETICS AND THE OCULAR SURFACE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Resumo

Introduction: The use of makeup has been widely spread among all cultures and social classes and its consumption increases exponentially every year. Due to that, the makeup industry is constantly trying to innovate and low product prices. On the other hand, its quality and safety to the ocular surface takes time and research to verify that it has none or low probability of adverse ocular effects. However, in clinical practice a considerable number of these adverse effects are observed, such as dry eye, eyelid dermatitis, pre-corneal tear film instability, and keratitis[1]. Objectives: This review discusses the relation between use of makeup and its effects on the ocular surface based on the current evidence. Methods: This literature review was performed using the PubMed database. For the database search, the primary entered terms included (Eye makeup products) AND (Eye Cosmetics) AND (Ocular Surface). Results: First of all, a research with 1360 female respondents showed that 83% of them use eye cosmetics at least 3 times per week and 53% use at least three different cosmetics products. Also, 65% of the makeup users reported a reduction of comfort when cosmetics were used[2]. Said so, the adverse effects that are found on makeup users can be explained by two major facts: the damage cosmetics ingredients can cause added to the microbiota contamination in makeup products. About ingredients, the preservative benzalkonium chloride had showed to be the main factor to cause ocular surface diseases. However, it is not just the presence of the substance that cause the effects: the migration from the local application to the ocular surface is relevant. By that it is understood that the way the product is applied also interfer in the presence or not of adverse effects[1]. About contamination, in a 2019 study there was found enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci and fungal proliferation on opened products, showing that about 70 to 90% of these products had bacteria contamination [3]. Conclusion: Even though there is little literature about this theme it is a consensus the relation between the use of makeup and ocular surface disturbs. Still, there are no guidelines to verify safety and tolerability of cosmetics composition. Considering that its uses has been higher year by year, is essencial new studies about the production and its handling as the best way to prevent and treat these effects.

Referências Bibliográficas

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